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Modelování frekvence nenahlášených škod na úrovni pojistné smlouvy
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 11. 9. 2023In this thesis we study policy-level models for unreported claim counts. We assume that the total number of claims on a policy follows a Poisson or negative binomial dis- tribution. The parameters of these distributions ... -
Asymetrické modelování volatility ve financích
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 11. 9. 2023This bachelor thesis deals with modelling volatility in finance. The aim of the thesis is to introduce the models that can be used to this purpose. We focus on the GARCH and EGARCH models. For both models, we present their ... -
Nástroj na vytváření rodokmenů
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023This thesis describes the development of a desktop application that should allow the user to organize their family tree. The existing solutions, such as MyHeritage or Family Historian, are analyzed first. The detailed ... -
MDS matice
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 4. 9. 2023MDS matrices are widely used in coding theory and cryptography (e.g. in diffusion layers of block ciphers or hash functions), but the construction of MDS matrices is not at all trivial, especially when we require some other ... -
Useknuté čítací procesy
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 11. 9. 2023The aim of this thesis is the prediction of insurance events under the condition that the data related to the occurrence of the events is truncated. The nature of the truncation lies in the fact that in the present we ... -
Distributed job execution in IVIS Framework
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023This thesis tackles computation distribution in the IVIS data processing and visualization framework. In the existing versions, so-called Jobs are be- ing executed only on the IVIS host machine, raising scalability concerns. ... -
Vybrané aplikácie rekurentnej metódy najmenších štvorcov
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 8. 9. 2023This bachelor's thesis introduces, derives and implements recursive least squares me- thod. The recursive least squares method is analogy to ordinary least squares for linear regression exercise. Method uses recursive ... -
Štatistické testy normality
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023The aim of this paper is to present the well-known normality tests used in practice and to compare them. The first chapter consists of the basic concepts and properties of the nor- mal distribution. In the second chapter ... -
Optimization Decision Analysis for Graal
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 6. 9. 2023Modern compilers apply a set of optimization passes aiming to speed up the generated code. The combined effect of individual optimizations is often un- predictable. Thus, changes to a compiler's code may hinder the performance ... -
Object Usage Analyser for TypeScript
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023During a programming change task, developers often need to understand where a certain variable or object is referenced and how it is used in order to implement the change. For languages TypeScript and JavaScript the only ... -
Automatické generování Einsteinových hádanek v přirozeném jazyce
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023In this bachelor thesis was created command line application for generat- ing Einstein's riddles in natural language using language model GPT-3 (third generation Generated Pre-trained Transformer). The few-shot method was ... -
Neparametrický odhad funkce intenzity bodového procesu závislé na kovariátách
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023Point processes describe random point patterns in space. One of their most important characteristics is the intensity function. Furthermore, additional information about the surveyed area, so-called covariates, is often ... -
Limitní věty pro závislé náhodné veličiny
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023In presented work we will discuss the central limit theorem for dependent random variables. First of all, we brush up the basic version of the theorem and we illustrate it by an example of its use. Then we introduce a ... -
Filtrování a predikce procesů s diskrétním časem
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 11. 9. 2023The thesis focuses on filtering and prediction of discrete time processes. We begin by introducing the elementary notations and theory of discrete-time Markov chains and random walks. We then describe the approach to ... -
Similarity Models for Content-based Video Retrieval
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 6. 9. 2023Multimedia retrieval is increasingly important with the skyrocketing multimedia vol- umes produced every day. Therefore many image and video retrieval tools are being developed utilising visual similarity modelling algorithms ... -
α-symetrické míry
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023Spherically symmetric measures in Rn are rotationally invariant, indicating that their characteristic functions can be written as a composition of the Euclidean norm with a univariate function. If we replace the Euclidean ... -
Peer-to-peer sieť na zdieľanie novinových článkov
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023Easy, simple and free as in freedom. These are the requirements for ev- eryday access to information in newspapers. In this thesis we will create such environment based on network. We are designing a protocol for com- ... -
Diferenciální rovnice s vlastním číslem v okrajové podmínce
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 12. 9. 2023The goal of this thesis was to study Stokes problem with eigenvalue in bound- ary condition. We were in particular interested in determining the asymptotic be- haviour of the sequence of eigenvalues. We approached this ... -
Practical neural dialogue management using pretrained language models
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023Task-oriented dialogue systems pose a significant challenge due to their complexity and the need to handle components such as language understanding, state tracking, action selection, and language generation. In this work, ... -
Odhady parametrov latentného rozdelenia pre ordinálne dáta
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 8. 9. 2023The main goal of the bachelor thesis is to introduce problematics of ordinal data together with estimations of latent density distribution based on ordinal data. The esti- mations obtained using ordinal data are compared ... -
Detecting Misleading Features in Data Visualization
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023This thesis explores the identification and detection of misleading elements in data visu- alizations. The theoretical portion focuses on understanding various types of misleading features commonly encountered in scientific ... -
Pólyův-Lundbergův proces
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023The main subject of the Bachelor's thesis is the P'olya-Lundberg process. It is a non-homogenous Markov chain that represents a generalization of the Poisson process. The main aim of the thesis is to depict some of its ... -
ServIS - webový systém pre firmy zaoberajúce sa opravami bagrov
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023The goal of this bachelor thesis was to create a software for small companies dealing with earthworks and excavation works, repairing and selling excavators, which do not have access to a suitable software solution for ... -
Clustering hits and predictions in data from TimePix3 detectors
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023Hybrid pixel detectors like Timepix3 and Timepix4 detect individual pixels hit by particles. For further analysis, individual hits from such sensors need to be grouped into spatially and temporally coinciding groups called ... -
Multi-black-hole gravitational field
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 1. 9. 2023We study dynamics of an extremally charged black hole on the background of two stationary, mutually orbiting extremally charged black holes, forming thus a seed binary system. We extend the two-body perturbative solution ... -
Multiobjective shortest path problem with interval costs
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 12. 9. 2023The multiobjective shortest path problem with interval costs is a gener- alization of the single-pair shortest path problem. In this problem, the edge weights are represented as tuples of intervals. The aim is to find the ... -
Design optogenetického stimulačního protokolu ve V1 pro vyvolání vizuálního vjemu pomocí strojového učení
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023The Optogenetic stimulation of neurons in the primary visual cortex (V1) is a novel and promising technique for vision restoration for people with acquired blindness. One of the challenges of such a technique is finding ... -
Full centroid molecular dynamics through machine learning
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 1. 9. 2023This thesis is concerned with developing new methodology for the more effi- cient execution of centroid molecular dynamics simulations - a method based on the theory of imaginary-time path integrals, commonly used in ... -
Detection of protein-ligand binding sites using 3D Vision Transformers
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023Detection of protein-ligand binding sites plays key role not only in understanding of protein function but it also can be used for computer-aided drug design. Improving these detection can lead to faster drug development. ... -
Simulations of the magnetic domains dynamics in antiferromagnetic CuMnAs
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023Antiferromagnetic materials are promising materials for implementation in spintronic memory devices. In contrast to the more well-known ferromagnetic materials, which are already used in magnetoresistive random access ... -
Data-to-text generation with text-editing models
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 6. 9. 2023We explore the use of different model extensions of the FELIX neural transformer-based text-editing model for data-to-text generation. Our ap- proach is based on iterative text-editing - transforming the individual items ... -
Vliv druhů inhibičních neuronů na neuronovou populační dynamiku
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 8. 9. 2023Canonical models of neural circuits rarely differentiate between inhibitory population subtypes. Due to the recent development of optogenetic techniques, the effect of distinct inhibitory classes may now be analysed. This ... -
Sparse Approximate Inverse for Enhanced Scalability in Recommender Systems
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023In theory, the linear autoencoder EASE is one of the most capable collaborative filtering recommenders for large item domains with sparse user-item feedback. However, the model's weights are determined by the inverse of a ... -
E-commerce platform designed for continuous optimization and personalization
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 6. 9. 2023The ability of an e-commerce company to collect, synthesize, and utilize data can be vital to its survival. The degree to which a company has the ability to gather data about sources of conversion is proportional to their ... -
Shape grammars for level generation in an action RPG game
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 6. 9. 2023Third-person 3D action role-playing games inspired by Dark Souls (souls-likes) have recently gained a lot of popularity, but are difficult to develop due to the amount of gameplay and content required. In this thesis, we ... -
Cellular protein interactions studied by advanced fluorescence imaging methods
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 4. 9. 2023This thesis studies an important tumor suppressor, p53, and its interac�on partner, nucleophosmin (NPM), in living cells. Proteins are studied using fluorescence confocal microscopy techniques such as fluorescence life�me ... -
Work and heat at the mesoscale
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 1. 9. 2023Title: Work and heat at the mesoscale Author: Bc. Šimon Pajger Department: Department of Macromolecular Physics Supervisor: RNDr. Artem Ryabov, Ph.D., KMF MFF UK Abstract: Understanding the conversion between heat and work ... -
Nerovnovážná Brownovská dynamika v periodických potenciálech
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023The collective dynamics of Brownian particles in porous structures is an important topic for both theory and experiment. A good understanding of Brownian dynamics of interacting particles moving in one dimension has recently ... -
Editor a repozitář dokumentů pro uživatele kolaborující v reálném čase
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023Online document editors are useful tools that allow users to create, edit, and often also store and share documents. Some editors additionally support collaborative real-time editing for multiple users, allowing them to ... -
Psychometrická analýza Lawsonova testu vědeckého uvažování
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 13. 9. 2023The thesis discusses the concept of formal reasoning and determination of its level. The content of the thesis was processing of data from the Czech republic, which was collected via Lawson's test of formal reasoning. ... -
Data Lineage Analysis Service for Embedded Code
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 6. 9. 2023Data integration tools often use embedded code for data manipulation tasks. Popular examples of such tools include AWS Glue data integration service, Databricks platform, Snowflake data cloud or SQL Server Integration ... -
Throughput optimization of a multistage data visualisation pipeline
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 6. 9. 2023Recent technological advances allowed vast increases of the size of datasets acquired by flow cytometry. With more cells and features captured, manual exploration and analysis of the data become challenging; multiple ... -
Kampa: from a prototype to practical usability
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 6. 9. 2023Kampa is an experimental general-purpose imperative programming language influ- enced by functional programming. While Kampa offers several potentially useful features, its usability is limited by some properties of its ... -
Efektivita centralizovaného plánování křižovatek
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023Vehicle navigation on roads is a complex problem that will probably be solved by using artificial intelligence in key roles. Today, there are cars capable of autonomous driving, but they are dependent on an old infrastructure ... -
Free boundary problems
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 8. 9. 2023This thesis deals with the one-phase Bernoulli problem, focusing on the existence and regularity of its solutions. After establishing the necessary preliminary theory on function spaces and convergence in the first chapter, ... -
Algoritmy pro Minkowského součet mnohoúhelníků
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 12. 9. 2023This bachelor's thesis deals with the Minkowski sum of two non-convex polygons in the plane. Specifically, it focuses on describing and comparing two methods for computing the Minkowski sum: the decomposition method and ... -
XL-zaistenie pre viacero línií
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 8. 9. 2023This paper focuses on simulation modeling of the total aggregate reinsurer claim S when considering XL.reinsurance for multiple insurance lines. In the first part, this re- insurance structure is defined. In the second ... -
Permutační grupy a míchání karet
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 4. 9. 2023In this thesis we solve an old problem, named after the magician and mathematician Alex Elmsley, of raising a card to the top of the deck using faro shuffles. Furthermore we examine the group structure generated by these ... -
Modeling atomic nuclei using supercomputers for precision tests of the Standard model
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023One of the most important problems of modern theoretical nuclear physics is to accu- rately determine the structure of atomic nuclei. To obtain results that are in agreement with experimental data, one needs to solve the ... -
Modely pre finančné časové rady a ich softvérová implementácia
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023This thesis deals with financial time series models and their implementation in soft- ware products. The theoretical part of the thesis includes a description of the volatility models ARCH, GARCH, IGARCH, ARCH-M, GARCH-M, ... -
Testy nezávislosti pro funkcionální data
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023This thesis deals with tests of serial independence for functional time series. The first part of the thesis introduces the issue of serial independence in time series of random vari- ables. The second part focuses on tests ... -
Statistical inference in varying coefficient models
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023In this master thesis we study varying coefficient models, which is a class of models that allow the coefficients to be smooth functions of some effect-modifying variable. We introduce the models in a broader context and ... -
Teplotně indukovaná rekonstrukce bimetalického katalyzátoru na bázi Pt-Cu pro palivové články
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023Fuel cells appear as a promising technology, enabling the replacement of internal combustion engines in the automotive industry. Hydrogen fuel cells with a polymer membrane are particularly suitable for this application. ... -
Magnetic fields of current loops around black holes
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 1. 9. 2023We summarize and explain the mathematical procedure that allows us to find the closed form of the magnetic field generated by a test current loop in Kerr spacetime. We consider axisymmetric placement of the loop for all ... -
Velká dimenze vysvětlujících proměnných v regresních problémech
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023This thesis deals with asymptotic properties of least squares estimators of regression coefficients of linear models with a large dimension of regressors. Particularly, consistency and asymptotic normality are investigated. ... -
Lineární terahertzová odezva polovodičových nanostruktur
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023In this work we study an interaction between electrons in Dirac points and terahertz electromagnetic radiation. First, we find eigenstates of the effective hamiltonian in Dirac points. Then we introduce the interaction ... -
Kinetic Monte Carlo Simulations in Physics of Thin Films: from Growth to Electronic Properties
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 11. 9. 2023Kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) is a stochastic method used to simulate time evolution of a system. This algorithm finds application in various scientific fields. It is also widely used in physics of thin films. In the thesis, ... -
James-Steinův odhad
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023In this thesis, we will introduce the James-Stein estimator, we will study its properties and compare them with other estimation methods. We will explain, what is admissibility of an estimator and figure out if our estimators ... -
Structural aspects of graph coloring
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 9. 5. 2023In this thesis, we study the structural and algorithmic properties of graphs embedded or represented in surfaces and with constraints on their faces or cycles. We derive tools to quantify properties of embedded flows and ... -
Simulace zemětřesení Tottori (Mw 6.1) z r. 2016 pomocí dynamického modelu zdroje
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023We perform a parametric study for simple elliptical dynamic models of rupture propa- gation. We simulate the earthquake from the central part of Japanese prefecture Tottori in 2016 using a code for a simulation of the ...