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Zobrazují se záznamy 181-240 z 10926
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Magnetooptika jako narušení symetrie materiálu
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 18. 6. 2024The optical response of a material is affected by many things, including magneti- zation. Experimentally, the magnetooptical part can be measured well, for the evaluation of experimental data it is important to be able to ... -
Plazmová elektrolytická oxidácia biodegradabilných horčíkových zliatin
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 18. 6. 2024Presented bachelor thesis is focused on the analysis of plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) preperation time effect on degradation resistance of pure Mg and WE43, Z1 and ZX10 alloys for its potential application in ... -
Bimetalické tenké vrstvy 3d kovů pro katalytickou konverzi CO2
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 18. 6. 2024In this thesis catalytic properties of copper on cobalt oxide substrate were researched. Two samples were prepared - one by sputtering copper on oxidized cobalt substrate and one by removing surface layers from the first ... -
Důkazy základních vlastností Lp prostorů
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 18. 6. 2024In this thesis we deal with the basic properties of Lp spaces, where p ∈ [1, ∞]. The first part is dedicated to uniform convexity, where we introduce relevant concepts and show, which of the Lp spaces are uniformly convex. ... -
Banachovy limity
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 18. 6. 2024Banach limits Bachelor thesis abstract Jáchym Mierva Banach limit is a continuous linear functional on the Banach space of real bounded sequences, which naturally extends the limit - in particular, it is positive and ... -
Starting flow past an accelerating body in superfluid helium
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 12. 6. 2024An airfoil with a significant angle of attack is accelerated at various rates from rest in superfluid helium. Starting vortices, shed from the trailing and leading edge of the airfoil, are studied by visualization methods. ... -
Spektrální syntéza s omezujícími podmínkami
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2021)Datum obhajoby: 29. 6. 2021Physically-based spectral rendering is becoming increasingly popular in both commercial and academic areas due to its ability to accurately simulate natural phenomena. However, the production of materials defined by their ... -
Fixation time in Moran process under strong selection
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 14. 6. 2024Moran process is a model used in evolutionary dynamics to study natural selection. In this process, a population of individuals evolves in steps. In one step a random individual is selected with probability proportional ... -
Informačná databáza liekov
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023This thesis implements informational database of medicine as an application for Windows operating system. The application allows the user to search for medicines according to the health problem that is bothering him but ... -
Combinatorial structure of graph drawings
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 14. 6. 2024In this thesis, we study characterization by forbidden patterns of many classes of x-monotone drawings of complete graphs with various given restrictions. We generalize previously known characterizations of pseudolinear, ... -
Surfel-cloud rendering
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 11. 6. 2024Rendering optimization is very important, especially for low-power and high-demand devices such as AR/VR headsets, where a scene has to be rendered for each eye at a high frame rate and with low latency. Many algorithms ... -
Statistical processing of pollutant concentration projections
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 11. 6. 2024Many factors and processes are expected to be altered in the troposphere under the on- going climate change. This is likely to affect the regime of concentrations of tropospheric species. In the case of ozone, the situation ... -
The Gabriel-Roiter measure in representation theory
Výsledek obhajoby: UZNÁNO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 27. 6. 2024The Gabriel-Roiter measure is a module-theoretic invariant, defined in 1972 by P. Gabriel. It is an order-preserving function that refines a composition length of a module by also taking lengths of indecomposable submodules ... -
Využití kombinovaných sekvenčních a strukturních vlastností pro predikci protein-ligand vazebných míst
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 11. 6. 2024Protein interactions with various molecules are crucial for their function and, con- sequently, for the overall functioning of organisms. Studying these interactions is im- portant across many scientific fields, including ... -
Towards improved orographic gravity wave parameterization in chemistry-climate models.
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 11. 6. 2024Orographic gravity waves are ubiquitous in our atmosphere, having a large impact on the energy and momentum transport. Their scales reflect scales of the orography and as such global circulation models cannot resolve them ... -
Collision Avoidance in Computer Games
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 11. 6. 2024Collision avoidance for autonomous agents has been a widely researched topic for the past couple of decades. Modern solutions act as purely reactive techniques that create various problems, such as agents being stuck in ... -
Procedural generation of levels for a realtime stealth game
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 11. 6. 2024Levels in realtime stealth games are often tightly interconnected struc- tures with unique challanges and lock & key puzzles. However, there are no well known instances that attempt to generate these levels procedurally. ... -
Optimal function spaces in weighted Sobolev embeddings with monomial weight
Výsledek obhajoby: UZNÁNO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 27. 6. 2024In this thesis we study a weighted Sobolev-type inequality for functions from a certain Sobolev-type space that is built upon a rearrangement-invariant space. Considered rear- rangement-invariant spaces are defined on the ... -
Semi-automated data to ontology mapping
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 11. 6. 2024The most valuable data publication is in the form of linked data. The creation of linked data includes in particular the transformation of data into RDF and the appropriate use of identifiers and ontologies. However, the ... -
Historické fotometrické údaje o hvězdokupách Plejády a Hyády
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 11. 6. 2024This diploma thesis' goal is the comparison of photometric data in key historical catalogues with those of today. It contains a description of history of astronomical photometry, of the methods and instruments used, and ... -
Asteroid models reconstructed from photometric data and stellar occultations
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 11. 6. 2024Asteroids are the most numerous group of bodies in our Solar System. However, our observations are limited because of their size and distance. Occultations allow us to determine the shape and size of even the smaller ... -
Vylepšení typové inference v jazyce C#
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 11. 6. 2024C# is a strongly typed language utilizing type inference to save type annotations writ- ten by a programmer. However, the type inference is not as strong as other programming languages like Rust or Haskell. This thesis ... -
Competing risk models in survival analysis
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 10. 6. 2024We study the extension of methods from classical survival analysis to competing risks. These methods can be used to analyse time-to-event data. Firstly, we establish notation, define fundamental concepts and present basic ... -
Modely multiplikativních chyb
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 10. 6. 2024This thesis is devoted to the so-called multiplicative error models (MEM), which are used to model non-negative time series, most often in the financial sector. The first chapter focuses on ARCH and GARCH models, which do ... -
Elekromagnetické pole skloněné proudové smyčky na pozadí Kerrovy černé díry
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 10. 6. 2024This work discusses electromagnetic fields around Kerr black hole. We extend prior work by finding a new source term - a non-axial current loop. We analyze this solutions behaviour. We also discuss in detail the Meissner ... -
Analysis of variations of stochastic integrals
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 10. 6. 2024In this thesis, we study the 1/H-variations of stochastic integrals, where the integrators are the fractional Brownian motion and Rosenblatt process (with the Hurst parameter H> 1/2). The considered stochastic integrals ... -
Hull-White model: forward-looking vs backward-looking approaches
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 10. 6. 2024The subject of the thesis is the estimation of the parameters of the Hull-White model. The formula for the time-dependent parameter θ is derived. The constant parameters α and σ are first calibrated on the prices of the ... -
Řídké regresní modely
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 10. 6. 2024In sparse linear regression models, the effect of the majority of explanatory variables on the conditional expected value of the response is null. The estimates produced by the adaptive lasso method are sparse and possess ... -
Scenario generation methods for discrete data
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 10. 6. 2024Stochastic optimization relies heavily on scenario generation, which has a large impact on the tractability of optimization methods and the quality of obtained solutions. Despite its importance, scenario generation for ... -
Poissonův shlukový model
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 10. 6. 2024In this master thesis, we introduce the Poisson cluster process using the marked Poisson process. At first, we mention general definitions and then we move on to the interpretation of this model in insurance mathematics ... -
Stochastic cooperative games
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 10. 6. 2024Stochastic cooperative games - abstrakt (EN) Bc. David Ryz'ak May 2024 This thesis explores stochastic cooperative games, viewed here as cooperative games with a stochastic characteristic function, representing a generalization ... -
Metody genetického programování pro klasifikaci
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 10. 6. 2024This thesis examines using different genetic programming encodings and analyses if they can be used for classification machine learning tasks. We introduce Evolutionary Algorithms and their basic concepts as well as define ... -
Preprocessing Techniques in Algebraic Cryptanalysis
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 10. 6. 2024Algebraic cryptanalysis is a standard set of techniques for analyzing and attacking practical symmetric cryptographic primitives. It involves representing the relationship between a pair of plaintext, ciphertext and the ... -
Dense zeros
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 10. 6. 2024This research focuses on a special type of time series data where a significant propor- tion of values is zero. The aim is to develop a statistical model that accurately captures the behavior of such data. By exploring ... -
Document embedding using Transformers
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 10. 6. 2024We develop a method to train a document embedding model with an unlabeled dataset and low computational resources. Using teacher-student training, we distill SBERT's capacity to capture text structure and Paragraph Vector's ... -
Bayesian inference for anisotropic cluster point processes
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 10. 6. 2024Point processes are stochastic models widely used in biology, forestry, or astronomy. In this thesis, we are going to deal mainly with anisotropic cluster point processes. We present a new method for estimating parameters ... -
Lokálně adaptivní spliny
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 10. 6. 2024The aim of this thesis is to present some semiparametric methods used for estimating an unknown regression function. All approaches are based on a minimization of an ob- jective function, which is formulated as the sum of ... -
Speech-Informed Inverse Text Normalization
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 10. 6. 2024In the domain of Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR), Inverse Text Normalization (ITN) is applied after the speech recognition step to transform recognized verbalized text into written form. This process includes converting ... -
Generování českých poetických slok a jejich evaluace
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 10. 6. 2024Currently, Large Language Models are increasingly more successfully in open domain, being able to interact in a large number of tasks. But tasks and languages more sparsely represented in data the models where trained on ... -
Leveraging lower fidelity proxies for neural network based NAS predictors
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 10. 6. 2024The performance of a neural network is dependent on several factors including its underlying architecture. The field of neural architecture search (NAS) is an important part of automated machine learning (AutoML) as it ... -
Mean variance optimalizace pro minimální entropickou míru
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 10. 6. 2024It can be shown that linear transformations of logarithm are the only utility functions whose optimal portfolios do not depend on numeraire. This thesis focuses on maximiza- tion of expected logarithmic utility of a general ... -
Risk measures in scheduling problems under uncertainty
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 10. 6. 2024In the presented work we deal with fixed interval scheduling problem with random delays. We present common formulations of the problem and introduce new ones. The aim is introduction of formulations where the actual cost ... -
Oprava gramatiky v češtině
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 10. 6. 2024We present a grammatical error correction system for correcting the Czech language. The system is based on the neural machine translation approach. We utilize the Trans- former architecture, which depends on a large amount ... -
Vážené portmanteau testy pre analýzu časových rád
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 10. 6. 2024This thesis introduces weighted and unweighted portmanteau tests, which are used for testing goodness-of-fit of a fitted ARMA model. ARMA models are widely used for time series analysis. The reader is presented with weighted ... -
Self-Supervised Summarization via Reinforcement Learning
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 10. 6. 2024In deep learning, summarization models are traditionally trained using a maximum like- lihood objective with reference summaries. Another line of work explores self-supervised approaches that do not require and are not ... -
Věty o univerzalitě a konzistenci neuronových sítí
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 10. 6. 2024The work deals with neural networks and deep learning models, where the author attempts to view neural networks as a statistical model similar to generalized linear models. After introducing this model and introducing the ... -
Cross-validation and its use in statistics
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 10. 6. 2024In this thesis, the use of cross-validation methods in different areas of statistics is studied. Firstly, the application of leave-one-out cross- validation, CV(1), for bandwidth selection in kernel density estimation and ... -
Graph neural networks and deep reinforcement learning in job scheduling
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 10. 6. 2024The priority dispatching rule (PDR) is a greedy heuristic algorithm used to obtain approximate solutions to the NP-hard job scheduling problem (JSP). The manual design of PDRs requires domain knowledge to achieve good ... -
Multiplikatívne chybové modely časových radov a odhady ich parametrov
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 10. 6. 2024The master thesis deals with high-frequency time series that have only positive values. These time series are modeled with Multiplicative error models (MEMs). The basic MEM models include the ACD model and LACD model. In ... -
Kružnice v širších souvislostech
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 13. 6. 2024The diploma thesis presents several noteworthy geometric prob- lems relating to circles. The introductory chapter deals with constructing Archi- medean circles. The following chapter first presents Ceva's theorem to the ... -
Metody rozkladu oblasti pro řešení parciálních diferenciálních rovnic pomocí nespojité Galerkinovy metody
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 13. 6. 2024This thesis deals with the analysis and numerical study of the domain decomposi- tion method based preconditioner for algebraic systems arising from the discontinuous Galerkin (DG) discretization of the linear elliptic ... -
Geometry of multidimensional continued fractions
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 13. 6. 2024The goal of this thesis is to study the geometric generalization of continued fractions, especially in the case when these continued fractions are periodic. We develop a multidi- mensional integer geometry theory for general ... -
Detection and Correction of Silent Errors in Pipelined Krylov Subspace Methods
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 13. 6. 2024This thesis focuses on the problem of silent error detection in the pipelined predict- and-recompute conjugate gradient (Pipe-PR-CG) algorithm, a pipelined Krylov subspace method for solving linear systems with a symmetric ... -
Study of spin-waves in the triangular lattice antiferromagnetic systems
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 12. 6. 2024The content of this work is a measurement of spin waves in triangular lattice antiferromagnets. Single crystals of Na2BaMn(PO4)2 were successfully grown and the magnetic properties of this system were initially studied by ... -
Integrály kernelů pro time--distance helioseismologii
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 12. 6. 2024This thesis presents a model-independent method for evaluating the volume integrals of velocity perturbation sensitivity kernels using helioseismic travel-time measurements. By injecting a controlled longitudinal flow into ... -
Měření rychlosti nanočástic a studium jejich interakce se substrátem při dopadu
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 12. 6. 2024Gas aggregation sources belong to the significant physical methods for nanoparticle synthesis. Deposition of these nanoparticles onto the desired substrate is equally important. This work presents a description of the ... -
Investigation of phase transformations in ternary zirconium alloys
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 12. 6. 2024In this thesis, we studied phase transformations, microstructure, and mechanical properties of two newly designed alloys, Zr-4Sn-1Cr and Zr-4Nb-2Al (in wt%). Phase transformations were investigated, employing differential ... -
Excited state dynamics in fluorescence-detected transient absorption
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 12. 6. 2024The fluorescence-detected transient absorption (F-PP) technique has recently gained significant attention within the spectroscopic community for its numerous advantages. However, several aspects of these spectra remain ... -
Exploring Galaxy Evolution in the Virgo Cluster
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 12. 6. 2024Galaxies are some of the largest structures in the Universe, but there is still much about them that we do not know, including the role of environment in their evolution. To study them we employ a wide range of observational ... -
Výzkum interakce vodíku s defekty ve vysokoentropických slitinách
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2024)Datum obhajoby: 12. 6. 2024Title: Investigation of hydrogen interactions with defects in high entropy alloys Author: Bc. Matej Jakubik Department: Department of Low-Temperature Physics Supervisor: RNDr. Petr Hruška, Ph.D., Department of Low-Temperature ...