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Zobrazují se záznamy 1021-1080 z 11421
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Elastic strings in general relativity
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023We study a simple model of a one dimensional extended body in a gravitational field, consisting of two point particles connected by an elastic string, and derive equations of motion for this system in both classical mechanics ... -
Data Lineage Analysis for Databricks platform
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 6. 9. 2023Notebook-based technologies, like Databricks and Jupyter notebooks, have gained popularity in recent years due to their adaptability and convenience. A notebook is an interactive computational environment that allows users ... -
Mnohorozměrné modelování volatility
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 11. 9. 2023This thesis deals with the formulation and estimation of the multivariate GARCH model. It mentions the various parameterizations of the multivariate GARCH model and discusses the relationships between them. The necessary ... -
Expektily a jejich odhady
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 8. 9. 2023This bachelor's thesis focuses on studying expectiles as an alternative approach to traditional quantiles. Expectiles are becoming increasingly popular as risk measures in various fields, including finance and insurance ... -
Hydrosphere structure of icy satellites
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023The exploration of potential life on other celestial bodies within the Solar System is one of the key questions in planetary science. In this work, we focused on determining the hydrosphere of the icy moons Ganymede and ... -
Odhady metodou maximálníhou součinu mezer
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023In this thesis we study the maximum product spacing (MPS) estimation. First we shortly introduce the maximum likelihood (ML) method. Then, we explain the MPS me- thod in detail. Finally, in specific cases, we demonstrate ... -
Porovnanie priamych regularizačných metód založených na najmenších štvorcoch pre úlohy zaťažené šumom
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 6. 9. 2023In this thesis we are going to deal with the inverse linear approximation problem Ax ≈ b, where our goal is to find the best approximation x of the unknown exact solution. We are going to especially focus on the so-called ... -
Aproximace metodou TLS: lineární fitování dat pro problémy s nepřesným modelem
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 6. 9. 2023In this thesis, we concern ourselves with the linear approximation problem, where errors in both the observation and the data are considered. We focus on the total least squares problem (TLS), which may be used in solving ... -
Framework pro vizuální analýzu strukturních stavů proteinů
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 6. 9. 2023Proteins are involved in most molecular processes in living organisms, and their study, therefore, finds use in many applications. The 3D structure plays a fundamental role in the protein's ability to bind other molecules ... -
Kvantily pre smerové dáta
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 11. 9. 2023In this thesis we study a special type of multidimentional data - directional data. The main part of this thesis consists of defining and comparing different ways of order- ing directional data. The most important functions ... -
Coupling, transportní metrika a aplikace pro přibližné počítání
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023An important property of discrete-time Markov chains with finite state space is the rate of convergence of the marginal distribution of the chain to the stationary distribution (i.e. mixing rate). If we construct a coupling ... -
Optimalizace Value at Risk pomocí celočíselného programování
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 8. 9. 2023This thesis is focused on the portfolio optimization problem. The foundations of this problem were laid by Professor Markowitz (1952), who measured risk using the standard deviation of random returns. In this paper, the ... -
Srovnání sekvenční a strukturních metod strojového učení pro predikci protein-ligand vazebných reziduí
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023The prediction of protein-ligand binding sites is an important task, allowing us to understand protein-ligand interactions, the understanding of which is essential in drug design and the development of certain areas of ... -
Optimalizace experimentů pod vysokým tlakem pro měření optické aktivity
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023The presented bachelor thesis focuses on the effects of high hydrostatic pressure on Raman spectra of selected monoterpenes: (−)-fenchone, (−)-carvone, (−)-limonene and (−)-α-pinene. The spectra under pressures up to 13 ... -
Dynamická predikcia v analýze prežitia
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023Often the motivation behind building a statistical model is to provide prediction for an outcome of interest. In the context of survival analysis it is important to distingu- ish between two types of time-varying covariates ... -
Využití základních statistických metod v psychologickém výzkumu
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 11. 9. 2023This work deals with testing methods for a two-sample problem and their subsequent application to data from the field of behavioural economics. The main question of the analysis is to determine the existence of loss aversion ... -
Fotometrická a spektroskopická analýza dvojhviezdneho systému
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023 -
Data logging and visualization for Mailtrain using IVIS
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023Mailtrain is a self-hosted, free and open-source newsletter application with advanced options for managing lists of subscribers, creating and sending e-mail campaigns, and managing multiple users with granular permissions ... -
Trigonometrické a Fourierovy řady a jejich aplikace
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023Fourier series are an important tool of mathematical analysis with many applicati- ons. This thesis focuses on their use in several specific mathematical problems. The first application is the proof of the isoperimetric ... -
A Framework For Experimental Evaluation of Opinion Diffusion Models
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023Title: A Framework for Experimental Study of Opinion Diffusion Models Author: Dominik Jelínek institute: IUUK Supervisor: Martin Koutecký, IUUK Abstract: Our theoretical contribution centers on defining possible diffusion ... -
Zmírnění otravy CO ve vodíkovém palivovém článku.
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 12. 9. 2023This diploma thesis aims at studying a process of hydrogen fuel cell poisoning by molecules of carbon monoxide. Low loading platinum-ruthenium anode catalysts prepared by magnetron co-sputtering were studied. The chemical ... -
Konformní predikce
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 8. 9. 2023The main objective of this work is to formalize the concept of conformal prediction. This robust, nonparametric method allows the construction of an accurate prediction interval at a specified level, for which it is ... -
Testy dobré shody pro Paretovo rozdělení
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 11. 9. 2023Pareto model is widely used in insurance and reinsurance, as well as in finance (capital management, stock returns), and in modelling of natural disasters. As a motivation, we introduce a case study drawn from the pricing ... -
The Extension Property for Partial Automorphisms (EPPA) of Reducts of Relational Structures
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023The Extension Property for Partial Automorphisms (EPPA), also called Hrusovski property, is a crucial concept in the realms of combinatorics, group theory, and model theory, linking the properties of structures and the ... -
Ideals of Banach Spaces
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 12. 9. 2023We study a particular class of subspaces of Banach spaces called ideals. We show that the notions of ideals, locally complemented subspaces, and the existence of a Hahn-Banach extension operator coincide. We introduce and ... -
Testy dobré shody s Poissonovým rozdělením založené na nulovém indexu
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023This bachelor thesis deals with goodness-of-fit tests for Poisson distribution that are based on so-called zero index. In the first part, Poisson zero index is defined and some of its basic properties are discussed. Further, ... -
Kauzalita, míry kauzality
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023Causality measures are useful tools when looking for causality in time series. This thesis does not only describe the theory behind the definition of measures of causality but also gives comprehensive instructions on how ... -
Robust semi-generalized camera pose estimation using multiple minimal solvers
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023Camera pose estimation is a fundamental problem in computer vision with various ap- plications, such as in Structure-from-Motion and Visual Localization. These applications often focus on registering a new camera to a set ... -
Predikce rozdělení počtu úmrtí s aplikacemi v ocenění životních smluv
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023This thesis deals with the topic of mortality modelling and life insurance pricing. First, basic concepts from the demographic model and life tables are introduced. Following is a description of the Lee-Carter model including ... -
Vývoj magmatického oceánu ve slapově zahřívaných terestrických exoplanetách
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 12. 9. 2023The thesis focuses on the study of terrestrial exoplanets that are tidally heated, which can give rise to the formation of magma oceans. The primary objective is to analyze the impact and evolution of the magma ocean and ... -
Crystals with magnetic frustration and multiferroic coupling
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023This thesis focuses on the growth of single crystals and magnetic characterization of CeMgAl11O19, a triangular lattice frustrated magnet from the rare earth hexaaluminate family. The CMAO harbors a network of electric ... -
Parameterized Approximations of Directed Steiner Networks
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 11. 9. 2023An instance of the Directed Steiner Network (DSN) problem consists of a directed graph G with edge costs, and k so called "terminal" vertex pairs. The task is to find a minimum-cost subgraph of G in which all terminal pairs ... -
Crystal field by the means of single-crystal Time of Flight scattering
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023Crystal electric field has been studied since the 1970s using inelastic neu- tron spectrometry. A simple one-day time-of-flight measurement on pow- dered samples is often used. This thesis aims to demonstrate a method of ... -
Visualizing OSPF topology
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023Network administrators need to be aware of the state of their network. While link- state routing protocols like OSPF have the required information, there was no easy way to present it to the administrator. To solve this ... -
Edwards curves and elliptic function fields
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 12. 9. 2023In this thesis, we study twisted Edwards curves using the theory of algebraic function fields. After summarizing the basic theory, we focus on the structure of the function field for curves that are given by an equation ... -
Smooth Minecraft terrain rendering
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023Interesting terrain is the backbone of any virtual world. To make features like caves, overhangs, and arches possible, we need to capture the internal structure of the terrain. In other words, we need a volumetric terrain ... -
Performance of Open vSwitch-based Kubernetes Cluster in Pathological Cases
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 6. 9. 2023With the adoption of cloud computing, horizontally scalable infrastruc- ture, and containerized deployments, Software Defined Networking (SDN) became an integral part of data centers, Kubernetes and Open vSwitch (OVS) being ... -
Gender stereotypes in neural sentence representations
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023Neural networks have seen a spike in popularity in natural language processing in re- cent years. They consistently outperform the traditional methods and require less human labor to perfect as they are trained unsupervised ... -
Aspekty pojmu nezávislost v teorii pravděpodobnosti
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 11. 9. 2023The aim of the bachelor's thesis was to explore the independence of random events in greater depth and address less common aspects of this topic. The first part defines the independence of random events in probability ... -
Aproximácia rozdelenia úhrnov škôd
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 8. 9. 2023This thesis is focused on the approximation of the distribution of aggregate losses. We first present a method for modelling aggregate losses, which involves selecting an appropriate frequency and severity distributions. ... -
Modelování frekvence nenahlášených škod na úrovni pojistné smlouvy
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 11. 9. 2023In this thesis we study policy-level models for unreported claim counts. We assume that the total number of claims on a policy follows a Poisson or negative binomial dis- tribution. The parameters of these distributions ... -
Asymetrické modelování volatility ve financích
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 11. 9. 2023This bachelor thesis deals with modelling volatility in finance. The aim of the thesis is to introduce the models that can be used to this purpose. We focus on the GARCH and EGARCH models. For both models, we present their ... -
Nástroj na vytváření rodokmenů
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023This thesis describes the development of a desktop application that should allow the user to organize their family tree. The existing solutions, such as MyHeritage or Family Historian, are analyzed first. The detailed ... -
MDS matice
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 4. 9. 2023MDS matrices are widely used in coding theory and cryptography (e.g. in diffusion layers of block ciphers or hash functions), but the construction of MDS matrices is not at all trivial, especially when we require some other ... -
Useknuté čítací procesy
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 11. 9. 2023The aim of this thesis is the prediction of insurance events under the condition that the data related to the occurrence of the events is truncated. The nature of the truncation lies in the fact that in the present we ... -
Distributed job execution in IVIS Framework
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023This thesis tackles computation distribution in the IVIS data processing and visualization framework. In the existing versions, so-called Jobs are be- ing executed only on the IVIS host machine, raising scalability concerns. ... -
Vybrané aplikácie rekurentnej metódy najmenších štvorcov
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 8. 9. 2023This bachelor's thesis introduces, derives and implements recursive least squares me- thod. The recursive least squares method is analogy to ordinary least squares for linear regression exercise. Method uses recursive ... -
Štatistické testy normality
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023The aim of this paper is to present the well-known normality tests used in practice and to compare them. The first chapter consists of the basic concepts and properties of the nor- mal distribution. In the second chapter ... -
Optimization Decision Analysis for Graal
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 6. 9. 2023Modern compilers apply a set of optimization passes aiming to speed up the generated code. The combined effect of individual optimizations is often un- predictable. Thus, changes to a compiler's code may hinder the performance ... -
Object Usage Analyser for TypeScript
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023During a programming change task, developers often need to understand where a certain variable or object is referenced and how it is used in order to implement the change. For languages TypeScript and JavaScript the only ... -
Automatické generování Einsteinových hádanek v přirozeném jazyce
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023In this bachelor thesis was created command line application for generat- ing Einstein's riddles in natural language using language model GPT-3 (third generation Generated Pre-trained Transformer). The few-shot method was ... -
Neparametrický odhad funkce intenzity bodového procesu závislé na kovariátách
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023Point processes describe random point patterns in space. One of their most important characteristics is the intensity function. Furthermore, additional information about the surveyed area, so-called covariates, is often ... -
Limitní věty pro závislé náhodné veličiny
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023In presented work we will discuss the central limit theorem for dependent random variables. First of all, we brush up the basic version of the theorem and we illustrate it by an example of its use. Then we introduce a ... -
Filtrování a predikce procesů s diskrétním časem
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 11. 9. 2023The thesis focuses on filtering and prediction of discrete time processes. We begin by introducing the elementary notations and theory of discrete-time Markov chains and random walks. We then describe the approach to ... -
Similarity Models for Content-based Video Retrieval
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 6. 9. 2023Multimedia retrieval is increasingly important with the skyrocketing multimedia vol- umes produced every day. Therefore many image and video retrieval tools are being developed utilising visual similarity modelling algorithms ... -
α-symetrické míry
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023Spherically symmetric measures in Rn are rotationally invariant, indicating that their characteristic functions can be written as a composition of the Euclidean norm with a univariate function. If we replace the Euclidean ... -
Peer-to-peer sieť na zdieľanie novinových článkov
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023Easy, simple and free as in freedom. These are the requirements for ev- eryday access to information in newspapers. In this thesis we will create such environment based on network. We are designing a protocol for com- ... -
Diferenciální rovnice s vlastním číslem v okrajové podmínce
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 12. 9. 2023The goal of this thesis was to study Stokes problem with eigenvalue in bound- ary condition. We were in particular interested in determining the asymptotic be- haviour of the sequence of eigenvalues. We approached this ... -
Practical neural dialogue management using pretrained language models
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023Task-oriented dialogue systems pose a significant challenge due to their complexity and the need to handle components such as language understanding, state tracking, action selection, and language generation. In this work, ... -
Odhady parametrov latentného rozdelenia pre ordinálne dáta
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 8. 9. 2023The main goal of the bachelor thesis is to introduce problematics of ordinal data together with estimations of latent density distribution based on ordinal data. The esti- mations obtained using ordinal data are compared ...