Hormonální regulace spermatogeneze u savců a její poruchy
Hormonal regulation of spermatogenesis in mammals and its disorders
bachelor thesis (NOT DEFENDED)

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http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/199063Identifiers
Study Information System: 265937
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- Kvalifikační práce [20864]
Author
Advisor
Referee
Horníková, Daniela
Faculty / Institute
Faculty of Science
Discipline
Biology
Department
Department of Cell Biology
Date of defense
29. 5. 2025
Publisher
Univerzita Karlova, Přírodovědecká fakultaLanguage
Czech
Grade
Fail
Keywords (Czech)
Spermatogeneze, pohlavní hormonyKeywords (English)
Spermatogenesis, sex hormonesSpermatogeneze je proces bunecne diferenciace zarodecných bunek ve varlatech, který je rízen hormoný. Tato regulace je zprostredkovana predevsím gonadotropiný, jako je folikulostimulacní hormon a luteinizacní hormon, a androgený. Týto hormoný aktivují specificke intracelularní signalní drahý v Sertoliho a Leýdigových bunkach, ktere ovlivnují genovou expresi a udrzují mikroprostredí nezbýtne pro vývoj zarodecných bunek. Regulace spermatogeneze zahrnuje endokrinní, parakrinní a autokrinní mechanismý, ktere udrzují rovnovahu mezi proliferací, diferenciací a apoptozou. Narusení techto regulacních drah muze vest k porucham spermatogeneze, a tím ovlivnit genovou expresi. Významný vliv mají take endokrinní disruptorý, ktere mohou pusobit jako modulatorý hormonalních receptoru a ovlivnovat tak aktivitu regulacních drah. Klíčová slova: spermatogeneze, hormonalní regulace, poruchý, hýpogonadismus, endokrinní disruptorý
Spermatogenesis is a process of cellular differentiation of germ cells in the testes controlled by hormones. This regulation is mainly mediated by gonadotropins, such as follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone, and by androgens. These hormones activate specific intracellular signaling pathways in Sertoli and Leydig cells that influence gene expression and maintain the microenvironment necessary for germ cell development. Regulation of spermatogenesis involves endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine mechanisms that maintain a balance between proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Disruption of these regulatory pathways can lead to impaired spermatogenesis and thus affect gene expression. Endocrine disruptors, which can act as modulators of hormone receptors and thus affect the activity of regulatory pathways, also have a significant impact. Keywords: spermatogenesis, hormonal regulation, disorders, hypogonadism, endocrine disruptors