http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/96299 Issue 51 Tue, 07 Apr 2026 22:29:49 GMT 2026-04-07T22:29:49Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/97153 Domovem bytí je „byt“: O vybraných motivech z díla Fjodora Girenka; The Home of Being is Byt on Chosen Thoughts by Fedor Girenok; ; ; The article presents the concept of language and pat by contemporary Russian philosopher Fedor Girenok. His critique of language and related symbol of pat constitute a part of broader critiquepointed towards European rationalism. Overloading by texts, overconfidence in language and understanding the language as conceptual pattern that enables to perceive extra-language reality — these are the reasons that according to Girenok essentially corrupted the possibility oftrue experience. The positive alternative to the pat situation of European humanism lies in the „settled“ way of live typical for traditional Russian society and its values and habits — byt. Thu, 01 Jan 2015 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/97153 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/97045 Raná tvorba Philipa Rotha: Sbohem, město C., Ať se děje, co se děje — kritický ohlas a nástin interpretace; Philip Roth’s Early Works: Goodbye, Columbus, Letting Go — Their Critical Reception and Interpretation; ; ; The study summarizes the first two Philip Roth’s books and their critical reception. Roth’s works are set in the context of the American society and literature of the late nineteen fiftieth and in the connection with Roth’s essay „Writing American Fiction“. Reading of Goodbye, Columbus as a story of Jew assimilation is refused; the crucial plot is the love story between Neil and Brenda. Both Roth’s books areinterpreted through the well-known Roth’s interest in Henry James: the fundament for both books is Roth’s concern in his protagonists and their temperament and every action is subordinated to the portrayals of characters. Thu, 01 Jan 2015 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/97045 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/97029 Dva základní analytické koncepty strukturalistického myšlení; Two Elementary Analytical Conepts of Structuralist Thought; ; ; Both texts present a systematic survey of two elementary analytical categories of Structuralist thought — binarity and opposition, especially in their semionarratological implications. In “Binarity”, one structuralist version of binary analysis is described as a decomposition “of the continuum of the observed world along universal relational axes constituting logical oppositions (contradictions). An inventory of elementary binary oppositions is established, which form a paradigmatic matrix of the observed area and structure is as a relational system or network”. Within this method an apriori aspect can be sometimes distinguished when an elementary binary logical structure is assumed as a universal principle underlying the multiplicity of observable phenomena. According to another, yet different conception, used in the context of artificial linguistic simulations and computing, binarity is understood as a principle of reversible de/composition of code based on two elementary signals or elements (formalized, for instance, as +/- or 0/1), which makes further combinatorial descriptions and operations of the system possible. The genesis of binary method, beginning with G. W. Leibniz’s binary code on one hand and Ferdinand de Saussure’s structural linguistics on the other, is followed, including Trubetzkoy’s and Jakobson’s phonology, Claude Lévi-Strauss’s ethnology, Greimas’s structural semantics and ending with the fundamental critique of binarism formulated by Jacques Derrida through his notion of différance and his descriptions of temporalization of structure. In “Opposition”, Trubetzkoy’s non-binary oppositions (gradual, equipollent, isolated, ternary, n-ary oppositions) within phonology, Greimas’s semiotic square (two types of binary oppositions: contradiction, contrariety or Mukařovský’s notions of dynamic antinomies within functionalstructuralist aesthetics are further taken into account. Thu, 01 Jan 2015 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/97029 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/97039 Kontinuita a transformace básnictví: K Baudelairově i Gautierově poetice; Continuity and Transformation in Poetry Toward the Baudelaire’s and Gautier’s Poetics; ; ; The study is divided into three parts. The first discusses the common features of both poets: their lartpourlartism and opposition to the utilitarian conceptions of art. The second part focuses on a romantic iconology (sacrifice of the poet, its figures and symbols) used by Ch. Baudelaire and T. Gautier to represent a role of poetry as well as tragic situations of the contemporary subjects. The last part analyses some transformations in the Baudelaire’s poetics through the mediation of the concepts of modernity, everyday, singularity and reversibility. Thu, 01 Jan 2015 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/97039 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z