http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/96218 Volume 2016 2026-04-04T18:47:59Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/97014 Italian Social Policy for Mother and Child during the World War II (1943–1945) La Banca, Domenica During the Second World War the fascism regime was called on to give concrete proof of the efficacy and efficiency levels of the welfare institutions they had created. This essay analyses one of those institutions: The National Agency for Maternity and Childhood [Opera nazionale per la protezione della maternità e dell’infanzia, ONMI] created in 1925. The aim of this paper is twofold. First, to analyse the birth of Fascist social policy aimed at mothers and children and its links with demographic policies and gender rules in fascist society. Second, to verify how social policies functioned during the occupation period in Italy. An analysis of ONMI activity, considering how it operated to meet the needs of mothers and children allows us to verify to what extent the regime’s propagandised welfare policies were realized and to what extent the Social Italian Republic (RSI) was really “social”. Moreover, the paper will compare the role played by the occupation forces (Anglo-American and Nazi troops) in the new organization during this dramatic, reconstructing ONMI activity in the North (RSI) and in the South (Kingdom of the South) of Italy. 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/96908 The Czech/Czechoslovak National Council and the Censuses in the Period 1910–1930 Pokludová, Andrea This article analyses in the first part activities of the Czech National Council (NRČ) in the last Cisleithanian census, when it played the role of an authoritative national institution, organizing private censusesamong Czech minority communities, publishing educational materials and using print media in a modern way to promote its interests and communicate its position on the census to readers abroad. The second part is focused on activities of the Czechoslovak National Council in the population census 1921 and 1930. The author monitors media discourseand the language of propaganda between the members of NRČ and in the network of co-workers. 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/96901 “To show the world that we are not barbarians but Germans”: The Role of the Nationalsozialistische Volkswohlfahrt in France and annexed Alsace (1940–1944) Hadwiger, Daniel The article deals with the transnational engagement of one of the biggest German welfare organizations during the Second World War in France and Alsace.The Nationalsozialistische Volkswohlfahrt (NSV) provided food and clothing to refugees in the North-East of France as also in the de facto annexed Alsace between June and October 1940. The aim of the article is to analyse the reasons of the German “humanitarian” activity for the benefit of civilians in North-Eastern France and Alsace. The NSV’s activities were part of a larger occupation policy which should present particularly in the first months of occupation the humane aspects of a superior Germany. In the end, the German distribution of food to the occupied population didn’t succeed to win the majority for collaboration, but shows the importance of propaganda and racial categories during Germany’s occupation of Europe in the Second World War 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/96806 Karl Marx versus Max Weber: The Forefathers’ Heritage As a Social History Constant Melichar, Bohumil The study gives an analysis of impact of Karl Marx and Max Weber and their classic theories on the development of the social historiography. Marx and Weber not only stood with their theoretical works behind the foundation of modern social sciences but generated homogenous concepts of historical development. Marxsist concepts of socioeconomic formations and class struggle are usually interpreted in sharp contrast to Weberian theories of rationalization and types of domination (Herrschaft). Certainly one can agree that up to the present day both systems are of extreme explicative potential. The opinion which of these systems adequately describes social reality of historical periods and the dynamics of historical change became during the 20th century the distinctive mark of individual research approaches in social history. Marx’s and Weber’s work unquestionablyinfluenced the classics of modern social history, from British Marxists associated with the journal Past and Present and History Workshop, following the founders of Bielefeld school to the post-modern trends of microhistory, historical anthropology and so-called linguistic turn. The main contribution of this study is therefore the reflection of those impacts that up to the present day ultimately determine the debates on the key term of the social history — the character of the “Social”. 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z